The +20dBm specification is for the output power at the pin of the chip. The band-pass filter and RF switch have insertion loss characteristics as in any RF system. Achieving +19dBm at the antenna is typical performance after matching and filtering.
Instead of using a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) method to identify if a signal is present, the CAD is used to detect the presence of a LoRa signal by correlating on the signal properties. It has the capability to differentiate between noise and a desired LoRa signal. The CAD process requires two symbols, and if the CAD is detected, the CAD_Detected interrupt will be asserted and the device will stay in RX mode to receive the data payload. See Application Note AN1200.48 for details on the implementation of CAD for the SX1261/62 family of products.
The output power that can be achieved depends upon the programmed output power and what components are in the Tx signal path. We ordinarilly specify our output power at the IC output, this means that subsequent filtering and switching may impart additional RF losses. For a typical design implementation featuring an RF switch and harmonic filtering - we expect that you should be able to achieve the programmed output power minus apprximately 0.5 dB at the RF connector.
ADR is a method where the actual data rate is adjusted to ensure reliable packet delivery, optimal network performance, and scale for capacity. For example, nodes close to the gateway will use a higher data rate (shorter time on air) and a lower output power.
Only Nodes that are at the very edge of the link budget will use the lowest data rate and highest output power.
The ADR method can accommodate changes in the network infrastructure and support varying path loss.
To maximize both battery life of end-devices and overall network capacity, the LoRa network infrastructure manages the data rate and RF output for each end node individually by implementing ADR.
The LoRa endpoints are the elements of the LoRa network where the sensing or control is undertaken. They are remotely located and are most probably battery operated. These endpoints can be setup to communicate through a LoRa Gateway (Concentrator or Base Station) using the LoRaWAN network protocol.
LoRaWAN defines a specific set of data rates in the regional paramter technical specification (RP002), but the LoRa chip and/or PHY is more capable. The SX1272 supports data rates from 0.3 to 37.5kbps and the SX1276 0.018 to 37.5kbps. Llater generation parts also offer support for Spreading Factor 5, increasing the throughput even further.
The LoRa modem is capable of co-channel GMSK rejection of up to 19.5 dB or stated differently, it can receive signals 19.5dB below an interfering signal or the noise floor. This immunity to interference permits the simple coexistence of LoRa modulated systems either in bands of heavy spectral usage or in hybrid communication networks that use LoRa to extend range when legacy modulation schemes fail.
The latest generation of LoRa transceivers extends this capability with the addition of the Long Interleaver. The Long Interleaver increases the resistance to burst interferers during reception, even if their power exceeds 19.5dB above the co-channel resistance specification.
Unfortunately, no. The LoRa Basics® Modem-E is a modem based on the LoRaWAN® protocol and is certified to run on LR1110.
Any LNS which implements the LoRaWAN backend specification can register to the Semtech Join Server. The list of registered network server can be obtained via the Join Server Web Portal.
Semtech Join Server allows to register any new Network Servers via the Join Server Web Portal. Create an account on LoRa Cloud, click on ‘Your Network Server’ and ‘Add Server’ to generate your access credentials for the LNS-JS interface to the Semtech Join Server according to LoRaWAN Backend Specification.
The Cloud solver is an integral part of the LoRa Edge platform for computing a position fix using GNSS and for acquiring a Wi-Fi based location fix using triangulation of static MAC addresses. Key advantages of using Semtech’s end-to-end LoRa Cloud solution include:
- Simplified means of joining a device to the network with the LoRa Cloud Device Join service
- Easy device management with the LoRa Cloud Modem Services
Actility and The Things Network offer a network server. Semtech offers a Cloud server for geolocation services as well as a suite of the Device & Application Services. The network server is connected to the Cloud on the back end. We are not replacing it.
Yes, it is open and fully documented in the LoRa Cloud.